Find whether an Undirected Graph is Cyclic or not
Write a C Program to find whether an Undirected Graph is Cyclic or not. Here’s simple Program to find whether an Undirected Graph is Cyclic or not in C Programming Language.
Depth First Search (DFS)
Depth First Search (DFS) algorithm traverses a graph in a depthward motion and uses a stack to remember to get the next vertex to start a search, when a dead end occurs in any iteration.
It employs the following rules.
- Rule 1 − Visit the adjacent unvisited vertex. Mark it as visited. Display it. Push it in a stack.
- Rule 2 − If no adjacent vertex is found, pop up a vertex from the stack. (It will pop up all the vertices from the stack, which do not have adjacent vertices.)
- Rule 3 − Repeat Rule 1 and Rule 2 until the stack is empty.
We shall not see the implementation of Depth First Traversal (or Depth First Search) in C programming language
Also Read : : C Program for Traversing Directed Graph through DFS and classifying all edges
Below is the source code for C Program to find whether an Undirected Graph is Cyclic or not in output which is successfully compiled and run on Windows System to produce desired output as shown below :
SOURCE CODE : :
/* C Program to find whether an Undirected Graph is Cyclic or not */ #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #define MAX 100 #define NIL -1 #define initial 1 #define visited 2 #define finished 3 int adj[MAX][MAX]; int n; /* Denotes number of vertices in the graph */ int state[MAX]; int predecessor[MAX]; void create_graph(); void DF_Traversal(); void DFS(int v); int main() { create_graph(); DF_Traversal(); return 0; }/*End of main()*/ void DF_Traversal() { int v; for(v=0; v<n; v++) { state[v] = initial; predecessor[v] = NIL; } DFS(0); /*start from vertex 0*/ for(v=0; v<n; v++) { if(state[v] == initial) DFS(v); } printf("\nGraph is acyclic\n"); }/*End of DF_Traversal()*/ void DFS(int v) { int i; state[v] = visited; for(i=0; i<n; i++) { if( adj[v][i] == 1 && predecessor[v]!=i ) { if( state[i] == initial) { predecessor[i]=v; DFS(i); } else if(state[i] == visited ) { printf("\nBack edge (%d,%d) detected \n", v, i); printf("\nGraph is cyclic\n"); exit(1); } } } state[v] = finished; }/*End of DFS()*/ void create_graph() { int i,max_edges,origin,destin; printf("\nEnter number of vertices : "); scanf("%d",&n); max_edges = n*(n-1)/2; for(i=1;i<=max_edges;i++) { printf("\nEnter edge %d( -1 -1 to quit ) : ",i); scanf("%d %d",&origin,&destin); if( (origin == -1) && (destin == -1) ) break; if( origin >= n || destin >= n || origin<0 || destin<0) { printf("\nInvalid edge!\n"); i--; } else { adj[origin][destin] = 1; adj[destin][origin] = 1; } }/*End of for*/ }/*End of create_graph()*/
OUTPUT : :
/* C Program to find whether an Undirected Graph is Cyclic or not */ Enter number of vertices : 5 Enter edge 1( -1 -1 to quit ) : 0 1 Enter edge 2( -1 -1 to quit ) : 0 2 Enter edge 3( -1 -1 to quit ) : 0 3 Enter edge 4( -1 -1 to quit ) : 0 4 Enter edge 5( -1 -1 to quit ) : 1 0 Enter edge 6( -1 -1 to quit ) : 2 4 Enter edge 7( -1 -1 to quit ) : 3 4 Enter edge 8( -1 -1 to quit ) : -1 -1 Back edge (4,0) detected Graph is cyclic Process returned 1
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