C Program to find min and max in binary search tree(Recursive)

By | 16.04.2017

Min and Max in binary search tree(Recursive)


Write a C Program to find min and max in binary search tree. Here’s simple Program to find minimum and maximum value in binary search tree in C Programming Language.


What is Tree ?


In linear data structure, data is organized in sequential order and in non-linear data structure, data is organized in random order. Tree is a very popular data structure used in wide range of applications.

A tree data structure can be defined as follows…

  • Tree is a non-linear data structure which organizes data in hierarchical structure and this is a recursive definition.

A tree data structure can also be defined as follows…

  • Tree data structure is a collection of data (Node) which is organized in hierarchical structure and this is a recursive definition.

Every individual element is called as Node. Node in a tree data structure, stores the actual data of that particular element and link to next element in hierarchical structure.


Below is the source code for C Program to find min and max in binary search tree which is successfully compiled and run on Windows System to produce desired output as shown below :


SOURCE CODE : :


/*  C Program to find min and max in binary search tree  */

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

struct node
{
        struct node *lchild;
        int info;
        struct node *rchild;
};

struct node *insert(struct node *ptr, int ikey);
struct node *Min(struct node *ptr);
struct node *Max(struct node *ptr);
void display(struct node *ptr,int level);

int main( )
{
        struct node *root=NULL,*ptr;
        int choice,k;

        while(1)
        {
                printf("\n");
                printf("1.Insert\n");
                printf("2.Display\n");
                printf("3.Find minimum and maximum\n");
                printf("4.Quit\n");
                printf("\nEnter your choice : ");
                scanf("%d",&choice);

                switch(choice)
                {
                case 1:
                        printf("\nEnter the key to be inserted : ");
                        scanf("%d",&k);
                        root = insert(root, k);
                        break;

        case 2:
            printf("\n");
            display(root,0);
            printf("\n");
            break;

                 case 3:
                        ptr = Min(root);
                        if(ptr!=NULL)
                                printf("\nMinimum key is %d\n", ptr->info );
                        ptr = Max(root);
                        if(ptr!=NULL)
                                printf("\nMaximum key is %d\n", ptr->info );
                        break;

                 case 4:
                        exit(1);

                 default:
                        printf("\nWrong choice\n");
                }/*End of switch */
        }/*End of while */

        return 0;

}/*End of main( )*/


struct node *insert(struct node *ptr, int ikey )
{
        if(ptr==NULL)
        {
                ptr = (struct node *) malloc(sizeof(struct node));
                ptr->info = ikey;
                ptr->lchild = NULL;
                ptr->rchild = NULL;
        }
        else if(ikey < ptr->info) /*Insertion in left subtree*/
                ptr->lchild = insert(ptr->lchild, ikey);
        else if(ikey > ptr->info) /*Insertion in right subtree */
                ptr->rchild = insert(ptr->rchild, ikey);
        else
                printf("\nDuplicate key\n");
        return ptr;
}/*End of insert( )*/


struct node *Min(struct node *ptr)
{
        if(ptr==NULL)
                return NULL;
        else if(ptr->lchild==NULL)
        return ptr;
        else
                return Min(ptr->lchild);
}/*End of min()*/

struct node *Max(struct node *ptr)
{
        if(ptr==NULL)
                return NULL;
        else if(ptr->rchild==NULL)
        return ptr;
        else
                return Max(ptr->rchild);
}/*End of max()*/


void display(struct node *ptr,int level)
{
        int i;
        if(ptr == NULL )/*Base Case*/
                return;
        else
    {
                display(ptr->rchild, level+1);
                printf("\n");
                for (i=0; i<level; i++)
                        printf("    ");
                printf("%d", ptr->info);
                display(ptr->lchild, level+1);
        }
}/*End of display()*/

OUTPUT : :


/*  C Program to find min and max in binary search tree  */

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 6

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 8

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 7

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 9

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 3

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 4

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 1

Enter the key to be inserted : 2

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 2


        9
    8
        7
6
        4
    3
        2

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 3

Minimum key is 2

Maximum key is 9

1.Insert
2.Display
3.Find minimum and maximum
4.Quit

Enter your choice : 4

Process returned 1

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